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#netsh
The commands `netsh` and `networksetup` are used in a lot of different ways to change and modify network settings.
<img src=https://codehs.com/tutorial/jennifer/"https://codehs.com/uploads/781d9812421c337fad6319bdbb1f416b">
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#nbstat
These two commands, `nbstat` and `netstat` - again depending on which operating system you are using, will display all connections and listening ports. What this means is that it basically lists all of the ways that you can connect to other networks. It can also be used to display a routing table which is a list of specific routing destinations. When your router receives a data packet, it uses this table to know where to send that data. A routing table is essentially a map for the router.
<img src=https://codehs.com/tutorial/jennifer/"https://codehs.com/uploads/0553d67a3695bdcf7d24f818e2c1d17b">
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#traceroute
The `traceroute` or `tracert` command is a pretty cool one. What you can do with this is follow your data packets along the route of your Internet request. You’ll be able to see all of the different “hops” that were used and how long each took.
<img src=https://codehs.com/tutorial/jennifer/"https://codehs.com/uploads/465e37b6909d5f508873f17b22bf41ae">
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#ping
The `ping` command is used to verify that a host is reachable by sending data packets to another destination and waiting for a response. Once you stop the ping, you can view the statistics of how many packets went through and how many were lost. The command `pathping` is very similar for Windows operating systems and combines the previous `tracert` command with this new ping capability. Not only will it trace the route of a data packet, but will also send pings to test its reachability. It is used to locate spots that have network delays and network loss.
<img src=https://codehs.com/tutorial/jennifer/"https://codehs.com/uploads/5d82fd38ad7295da0e89e455dd745c76">
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**CLI Detective**
Watch the following video and follow along with the prompts.
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